TYPES OF MORTGAGES:
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5/25, 7/23 Balloon Programs
A balloon
mortgage loan is a type of mortgage loan that has a short term (typically 5
or 7 years), but the monthly payment is computed using a 30 year term. When
a borrower uses a balloon loan, he/she will make the monthly payment for the
scheduled loan term (5 or 7 years). When
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this loan
term is over, the borrower is
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required to
pay off the remaining balance in one lump-sum payment. If the borrower
decides not to sell the property after the loan term is over, the borrower
has the option to refinance the mortgage with a new one. A 7/23 balloon
mortgage gives the borrower the option to convert to a fixed rate program
(for a nominal fee) after the initial term (7 years) is over. If the
conversion feature is used, the interest rate for the remaining term of
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the loan (23
years) will be adjusted once to reflect market conditions, then remain fixed
for the remainder of the loan term.
1,
3,5, 7, 10 Year Adjustable Rate Loan Programs
An Adjustable Rate Mortgage (ARM) is a
mortgage loan that is most widely known for its low starting interest rate
(when compared to the 30 & 15 year
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mortgage loans). This 'low' introductory
rate is used to calculate the mortgage payment for a specified period of
time. Once this introductory period is over, the interest rate is adjusted
periodically based on a pre selected index. The most commonly used index is
the yield on the one-year Treasury Bill. The
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new interest rate is determined by adding this
index to a set margin (which is determined by the lender). Although there
are a
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variety of adjustable rate mortgage programs
available, the most common program is the One Year Adjustable Mortgage (one
Year ARM). The interest rate on the one year ARM is adjusted once each Year,
for 30 years. APR's on variable rate loans are subject to increase but may
decrease from year-to-year, the borrower should be prepared
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to handle an increase in his/her monthly
payment (should the index rate increase).
15 Year Fixed Rate Program
A 15 year fixed mortgage is a type of
mortgage loan that is repaid by the borrower making 180 equal monthly
payments over a period of 15 years. Since the borrower's payments are
'fixed', the borrower can expect to make the same monthly payment for the
entire term of the loan. A 15 year mortgage loan is the most widely accepted
program used to finance a residential purchase, and is available for
conventional, jumbo, FHA and VA loans.
30 Year Fixed Rate Program
30 year
fixed mortgage is a type of mortgage loan that is repaid by the borrower
making 360 equal monthly payments over a period of 30 years. Since
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the
borrower's payments are 'fixed', the borrower can expect to make the same
monthly payment for the entire term of the loan. A 30 year mortgage loan is
the most widely accepted program used to finance a residential purchase, and
is available for conventional, jumbo, FHA and VA loans.
Jumbo Loan Programs
A jumbo mortgage is a mortgage loan which
is larger than the limits set by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac ($322,700 as of
1/1/2003). Since these two agencies will not purchase these types of loans,
they usually carry a higher
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marketability to investors).
FHA
Loan Programs
An FHA mortgage loan is insured by the
Federal Housing Administration (a division of the Department of Housing and
Urban Development (HUD)). Although
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mortgage lenders provide the mortgage funds,
the FHA sets underwriting standards for approving applicants. In many cases,
FHA underwriting
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guidelines are more lenient than conventional
(not government insured or guaranteed) underwriting guidelines. This
leniency makes it easier for borrowers to qualify for a mortgage loan (low
down payment requirements and a higher monthly debt allowance). FHA limits
the types
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of loan programs it insures, but it will
insure the more popular 30 year fixed, 15 year fixed and one year adjustable
loan programs. However, borrowers are limited to the amount that they can
borrow using an FHA-insured mortgage. Applicable loan limits differ
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by county, so contact your local HUD office
for specifics.
VA Loan Programs (Dept. of Veterans Affairs)
A VA mortgage loan is a mortgage loan that
is guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA). One of the
biggest
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advantages of using a VA loan is that the borrower can
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finance the
purchase of a property with no-money down. However, VA loans are restricted
to individuals qualified by military service. The DVA will guarantee the
more popular 30 year fixed, 15 year fixed loan programs.